Document Apostillization in Brazil: real experience from chats
Short answer
To obtain a child's Brazilian ID, you must first transcribe their foreign birth certificate at a Cartório de Registro Civil. Regarding residency, criminal background checks are mandatory for both permits and citizenship, and certificates should be requested from countries where you held residence for over 183 days within the last five years.
From real experience
To apply for a Brazilian national identity card (RG or the new CIN) for a child born abroad, parents must first register the foreign birth certificate in Brazil.
Offices like Vapt Vupt or Poupatempo will reject foreign birth certificates even if they are apostilled. First, visit a Cartório de Registro Civil to perform the birth certificate transcription ('transcrição de certidão de nascimento' or 'traslado'). Once the Cartório issues a Brazilian birth certificate register, use this document to book and complete the identity card application.
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For legalizing stay in Brazil, a police certificate from Argentina might be required if the applicant resided there for a year on temporary permits (precarious) without a permanent visa.
The certificate is valid for only 5 working days. Generally, certificates are needed from countries where one has held a residence permit (VJM) for the last 5 years, or stayed for over 183 days. If these conditions are not met and no VJM was held, the certificate may not be necessary, but authorities can still request it. The need for the certificate is assessed individually.
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It is possible to obtain an apostille for documents like birth and marriage certificates while in Brazil, rather than needing to return to the country of origin (e.g., Russia).
Requesting a certificate of no criminal record through the consulate in Brazil, translated directly into Portuguese, is a standard and straightforward process, typically completed within a week.
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In Moscow, obtaining an apostille for a diploma is facilitated through Gosuslugi.
For newer diplomas, which are electronically registered, the process is efficient, often completed within half a day, including the certification of authenticity. This service is available even on Sundays. For older documents or those not in the electronic database, the procedure might differ.
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For Brazilian visa and residency (VNH) applications, a certificate of parents' origin can sometimes substitute for a birth certificate with an apostille.
This certificate must be obtained from the Brazilian consulate and will be issued in Portuguese. Verify specific requirements based on the exact purpose of your application.
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In Brazil, a criminal record certificate is a mandatory document not only for obtaining a Residence Permit (VNJ) but also for subsequent application for citizenship.
Applicants should be prepared to obtain this document multiple times for different stages of immigration.