For property sales by Russian citizens in Bulgaria, several methods exist for fund transfer:
1. **Lawyer's Account Transfer**: Funds can be transferred from the buyer's Bulgarian account to a lawyer's account, and then from the lawyer's account to the seller's Russian bank account (e.g., Raiffeisen Bank in Russia). This service is often facilitated by realtors.
2. **Rubles in Russia, Leva/Euro in Bulgaria**: A "counter-flow" scheme where a Russian buyer pays rubles to the Russian seller in Russia, while a Bulgarian buyer pays leva/euro to the Bulgarian seller in Bulgaria, effectively offsetting the transaction.
3. **SWIFT Transfers**: SWIFT remains an option, but may involve significant exchange rate losses and potential compliance hurdles.
4. **Cash Export**: Another method, though subject to currency export regulations and risks.
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